Tuesday 25 November 2014

I have encountered another problem

My new problem relates to Photoshop, and it is to do - I think - with the version I'm using, CS5.
On the evening of Sunday, once I had finished using photoshop for the day, I saved my work with the extension '.psd ', which is the format in which all Photoshop files (according to my short experience with the program) save in.

However, when I tried to reopen the animation the day after (yesterday), I found that the program wouldn't let me do that.

It kept coming up with the message


 
However, I visited a webpage that claims having the answer to this problem.

Monday 24 November 2014

Working with Wacom animation tablet

I have been creating short clips of rotoscoped animation in order to get used to how it feels to make digital drawings, which is something I had never done before.
I have noticed that the working time to create a short animation is very larged compared to the duration of the clip; I am working with twelve frames per second, which is very basic for a professional animation. However, after I finish the animation I can still add frames in between the frames I have drawn already.

The process is arduous and exhausting, but also very exciting and fun. I am really looking forward to seeing the final result.

The rotoscoped animation I've created is taken from a video which I had in my computer, made for the sole purpose of learning how the tablet works and discovering ways of making the animation my own style.

The program I am using at the moment is Adobe Photoshop. This is because the Animation program Adobe Flash is not installed in my computer yet.
However, I will have it ready by the end of November, and will be able to try out this program as well.

In an ideal world, I would like to have aspects from both programs in my final work, as the programs have individual characteristics which I think would work very well with what I want to achieve. However, I have limited time, and the combination of both programs in my animation might turn out to be too much work.



 
 
 
In the past, before I got the tablet, I experimented with the traditional animation technique, in which the artist draws, frame by frame, the movement of the characters in the plot.
I created a sequence of drawings, based on footage I took of my father moving.
The porcess was long and painstaken, and therefore I decided that, even though it is something I would like to learn in the future, the timeframe in whcih I have got to finish this particular project is not long enough to start something so ambitious.
However, the process of discovering and learnign the basis of this new method has helped me understand the process of animation and film better that I had before.
 


The first problem I encountered when trying this method was the amount of work required to achieve a presentable result.

I drew each frame on an A4 sheet of printing paper (the typical white paper), and then realised that, in order for the positioning of my figure to be accurate in relation to the rest of the background, the best choice would have been a sheet of see-through paper. This is because, when drawing frame by frame, it is imperative that the object remains always in the same place, within the movement that is being performed.
If the drawings are created without taking into account the positioning of the object, in this case mt dad, when all the drawings are put together into an animation, the result will make the viewer dizzy, because, in a second, the object will have moved position 24 times.
Another problem I had during the process of drawign the animation was that I initially didn't think it was absolutely necessary to number my drawings. Quickly I realised, however, that the incredible amount of frames per second (24) prevented me from taking any liberties, as the chaos quickly overcame any sense of order I had brforehand.

After I finished my drawings, I encontered yet another problem; how to get the images onto a digital format, in order to edit the animation on a computer.
This seemed quite straight-forward at first: scan the images, and import them as .jpg files onto an editing suite. Nonetheless, it proved to be the most frustrating of precedures. The scanner took approximately 1 minute to scan each image, and it required me to select the options needed after every scanning, making the process more time/effort consuming than I had anticipated.




 

Once the images were scanned, an additional problem arised, which made me realise that scanning the work was not an option; the scanner was not taking into account the whole sheet of paper witht the drawing in it, but the drawing as an object independent to the paper. In other words, it scanned only the drawing sometimes, other times the drawing and a bit of paper on the side, other times the whole sheet, etc. This was especially problematic because the variety of the scannings made it alomst impossible to work with the images.

So after a couple of hours and several hundred attempts to create an animation using real drawings and a scanner, I decided that, even though I enjoyed the technique of drawing the animation 'old-school style', the progression onto digitalising the images was difficult and time-consuming, making it an unfavourable method of working.



 
 

Here is an example of one of the images the scanner took (which I couldn't use):
 
 






 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Monday 17 November 2014

I'VE GOT IT WORKING!!!!!

After looking all over town and the internet I finally found the cable adapter I needed. And it looks nothing like an HDMI/USB adapter.
Instead it's a 'Mini display/HDMI'

Using the tablet is almost like using a sketch book, it is really fantastic.
Here's the first drawing, done in Adobe Illustrator. It's not very good because I've never used either an animating tablet or A.I., but I have the feeling I will get used to it very quickly.

I GOT A TABLET!

I have acquired an animation tablet, which will make it easier for me to create my music video.
The tablet is made by "Wacom", which is a trademark brand that specializes in professional animation and graphic design. I am really excited about learning how to use it and making my drawing with it. However, I have come across some problems which have to be fixed before I start my animation.
Here is the tablet. It's awesome.


Now the problems:

There is a cable that I am supposed to plug into my computer, which enables the tablet to act as a second monitor. My problem is that the end of the cable that plugs into my computer is a male HDMI, and my computer only has USB ports.

I have searched the internet for an adapter, but due to a lack of photos in most cases, I am unsure if the adapters I have seen are precisely what I need.

Most adapters are made for smartphones, and have a male Micro USB on one end, and the female HDMI on the other. This is not what I need, as my computer doesn't have a Micro USB as much as it doesn't have an HDMI.

This is what I need:





This is what I've found:



My second problem is that I need to have the footage of the girls performing the choreography in order to start animating, and, due to the theatre space being occupied at all times, it has been hard to find a time in which all 5 of us (3 dancers, theatre, me) are free.

However, I have found a solution to this problem!

I will not film in the theatre. Instead, I will film in the Dance Studio in ELM.
This will work better in many ways; first of all, the girls gave been practicing the choreography there, so they will be used to the space. Secondly, the space is bigger and better lit (daylight). As well as this, the studio, as mentioned before, is free more often than the theatre.

All this put together makes the theatre completely inferior to ELM, and makes me wonder why I didn't plan to film the girls in the studio in the first place.


Monday 10 November 2014

Narrative Theory

Narrative theory sets out to show that what we experience when we 'read' a media text is the understanding of a particular set of constructions or conventions, and it is important to be aware of how these constructions are put together.

Tim O'Sullivan (et al), 1998, argues that through careful meditation. media texts offer a way of telling the story of us as a culture.


Narrative: the structure of a story.
Diegesis: the fictional space and time/the world in which the story takes place.
Verisimilitude: the quality of appearing to be real or true. For a story to be engaging it needs to be believable and follow the rules of continuity and have temporal and spacial coherence.

Bordwell and Thompson, 1997, offer two distinctions between a story and a plot:

Story (fabula): The chronological series of events that are represented or implied.
Plot (syuzhet): Everything visible and audible. It is considered to be the order, manner and technique of the narrative.


Classic Narrative System

Pam Cook, 1985, claims that the standard Hollywood narrative structure has:


  • Linearity of cause and effect within an overall trajectory of enigma resolution
  • A high degree of narrative closure
  • A fictional world that contains verisimilitude, especially governed by spatial and temporal coherence


Tzvetan Todorov, 1977, claims there are 5 stages within a narrative:




  1. A point of stable equilibrium
  2. The stability is broken; disequilibrium
  3. Recognition that a disruption has taken place
  4. Action(s) against the disruption in order to re-create equilibrium
  5. A new equilibrium comes to existence

Kate Domaille, 2001, argues that every story ever told can be fitted into one of 8 narrative types:

  1. Achilles - fatal flaw that leads to the destruction of the hero/protagonist.
  2. Candide - the indomitable hero who cannot be tamed/put down.
  3. Cinderella - female lead (usually), dream comes true. Happy ending.
  4. Circle - the chase; the spider and the fly, innocent versus villain.
  5. Faust - this narrative is about selling one's soul to the devil; becoming better off for a while, but ultimately having to face destiny/fate.
  6. Orpheus - the journey that follows the loss of something or someone precious to the protagonist
  7. Romeo and Juliet - the love story.
  8. Tristan and Iseult - the love triangle.

Vladimir Propp, 1928, studied the narrative structure of Russian folk tales. He concluded that all characters could be resolved into 7 character types. This theory also applies to media texts and other stories.

  1. The Villain - fights against hero
  2. The Donor - prepares the hero
  3. The Helper - helps the hero in the quest
  4. The Princess and her father* - gives the task to the hero
  5. The Dispatcher - character who makes the lack known and sends the hero off
  6. The Hero - weds the princess
  7. The False Hero - takes credit for the hero's actions/tries to marry the princess
*These characters come together. It is hard to separate, or in some cases distinguish the two characters.
Joseph Campbell, 1949, suggests there is an underlying structure in narrative that is common to the religions, myths and legends of almost every culture in the world.
This therory can be applied to thousands of stories and media texts, and is especially known to fit almost exactly with George Lucas' Star Wars:

  • Ordinary world - the ordered world in which the hero lives
  • Call to adventure - problem/challenge arises
  • Refusal to call - fear or reluctance might strike the hero
  • Meeting with mentor - the mentor convinces the hero
  • Crossing the first threshold - hero commits to the adventure
  • Test, allies, enemies - hero learns the rules which govern his quest
  • Approach to the innermost cave - the most dangerous confrontation yet
  • Ordeal - the hero must face his mortal enemy
  • Reward (seizing the sword) - hero celebrates his victory
  • The road back - vengeful forces controlled by the villain are unleashed
  • Resurrection - a final confrontation with death
  • Return with the elixir - return of the hero to his world with wisdom, treasure or something else gained from the adventure

Claude Lévi-Strauss


To be continued...

Tuesday 4 November 2014

Music Video influences

I have been looking at different styles of animation, and specifically animated music videos.

Take on me - A-ha


The video for the 80's hit uses a process of animation called rotoscoping, where the artist projects footage frame by frame onto paper, and traces the figures in the video.
This style of animation is easier and quicker than traditional animation, where the artist draws the sketches without the help of previously shot footage. Because of this, it is very popular among amateur animators

I really like the style of drawing used in the video, because it resembles a comic book, and the sketches are drawn quick and confidently.




There is no 'behind the scenes' or 'making of' clip for the official video. However, there are other versions of the video which provide the public with the animating process and development of the post-production.
Harry Hill's version of the video is a comedic parody of the original. However, the quality is professional and the drawings just as good as the official video.
The following clip is an interview-type narration of the animation process, which used the rotoscoping animation technique to produce the drawings.



































Critical Perceptions in Media - Genre

"A critical tool which helps us study texts and audience's responses to texts by dividing them into categories based on common elements"

Daniel Chandler (2001), states that the word genre comes from Latin, and means 'kind' or 'class'

"Genres are not systems, they are processes of systematization - genres evolve over time; they are dynamic"
- Steve Neale, 1995